Mon, June 22, 201510 Animals Who Got a 2nd Chance in Life with 3D Printing

Among 3D printing’s many applications, the one that always guarantees a warm and fuzzy feeling is when its used to improve the lives of warm and fuzzy animals. Particularly when its applied to 3D print prostheses that give deformed, damaged, or diseased animals (many on the verge of being euthanized), a second chance.

For the tens of?thousands of years that animals and humans have been around, even if you start counting from when humans first domesticated animals (dogs) about 15,000 years ago, the notion of veterinary care only formalized in 1761 A.D. with the opening of a school for veterinary science in France. Our expertise in caring for animals began first with horses, cattle, and livestock and has since extended to companion animals, especially dogs and cats, as well as wild or exotic animals. With the advances in veterinary medicine, especially in custom prosthetics and implants, we can do more today for the well-being of non-human species than we ever could before. And, with 3D printing, we are doing?more than we could have ever imagined possible.

Here are ten animals we’ve been lucky to help save:

1. Beauty the Bald Eagle

This adult female bald eagle was shot in the face by poachers in Alaska in 2005, and although she escaped with her life, the poachers’ shot obliterated the upper mandible of Beauty’s beak. Without it, she was unable to fend for herself, eat food on her own, or preen her feathers. A situation probably akin to trying to survive without one jawbone. She was rescued by Janie (Fink) Veltkamp and attended to at the Birds of Prey NW facility. Her beak didn’t look like it would grow back and expert opinions suggested euthanizing her as the only option.

Beauty and the Beak from Keith Bubach – Trooper Media on Vimeo.

At this point, Nate Calvin, a mechanical engineer who knew about 3D printing technology, offered to help save Beauty. He made a mold of her missing upper mandible, 3D scanned it, used software to tweak the 3D model, and then printed it in nylon-polymer material. The 3D printed prosthetic was fitted onto the remaining beak using a titanium metal mount. Beauty was able to eat and drink on her own again, thanks to the synthetic beak. And, since 3D printing allows for quick and flexible redesign, her prosthetic beak was easily modified to suit her better as she adjusted to it over the years. Recently, her natural beak has begun to show some growth, and she can now consume strips of salmon herself. As such, ever since this was first made public in 2008, there has been an outpouring of support for Beauty and her story, and, soon, it will have its very own book!

2.?TurboRoo the Chihuahua

Unfortunate to have a birth defect common among small dogs, this chihuahua was born without its two front legs. Despite the recommendations of four vets that the dog be euthanized, his owner refused to give in and left him at a vet office hoping the chihuahua would find someone to care for him. He did. Ashley Looper, a vet tech in Indianapolis, fell in love with him. She and her boyfriend Ray adopted him and named him ‘TurboRoo’, after the snail in the movie Turbo. They tried to build a cart for TurboRoo with PVC pipe and parts from a Fischer-Price toy, but it didn’t quite work.

Mark Deadrick, president of 3dyn in San Diego, heard about TurboRoo’s story, thanks to a local news report that went viral, and decided to use 3D printing to make the pup a better mobility cart. It fit TurboRoo perfectly and, as he grew, 10 different carts were made until he reached his full adult size. He can now move around comfortably on his own, stopping, starting, moving backwards as and when he chooses to. Eventually, his story led to the founding of TurboRoo Designs, a small company that custom designs 3D printed mobility carts for dogs. Earlier this year, TurboRoo won ‘Underdog of the Year’ at the CW Network show in L.A and is a celebrity dog with over 66,000 followers on Instagram!

3.?Akut-3 the Sea Turtle (a.k.a RoboTurtle)

In July, 2014, a collision with a boat’s propeller, left this loggerhead sea turtle named Akut-3 (for the Turkish rescue agency that found him floating in the water – AKUT Arama Kurtarma?Derne?i) without 60 percent of his right upper and lower jaws. He was then brought to the Dalyan Iztuzu Pamukkale University (PAU) Sea Turtle Research, Rescue & Rehabilitation Center where he was fed by hand and nursed back to health. But, with the injured jaw, Akut-3 would not survive on his own and a permanent solution had to be found. His rescuers then approached BTech, a pioneering medical 3D printing company in Turkey, specializing in patient-specific implants for humans.

The team at BTech decided to attempt a first of its kind facial reconstruction for the sea turtle (a first for its species), with 3D scanning and modeling using Mimics software from Materialise. Once they developed a model, they used Materialise’s 3-matics software, to design highly customized prosthetic jaws that would seamlessly replace the missing parts of Akut-3. They 3D printed it in medical-grade titanium and in a two-and-a-half-hour operation, surgeons and veterinarians fitted the metal parts onto Akut-3’s face. Part sea-turtle, part cyborg, it is yet to be seen if his body rejects the titanium prosthetic and if his soft tissue grows back over the implant. If all goes well, Akut-3 could soon head back into the Mediterranean and return to life as it was, but with a story that’s more than a mouthful!

Akut-3 isn’t the only turtle or tortoise who has 3D printing to thank for a second-chance at life. There’s also Augie, Stumpy, and Cleopatra.

4. Buttercup the Duck

This duck tale is about a lively little duck named Buttercup who was born with a left foot that was turned backwards. The deformed foot left Buttercup unable to walk or waddle like a normal duck and caused him tremendous pain. His caretakers tried physiotherapy, but it wasn’t making a difference. Mike Garey, founder of the Feathered Angels Waterfowl Sanctuary in Tennessee, who was caring for Buttercup, initially thought that amputating the deformed foot and replacing it with a peg leg would be best for the duck’s survival. But then he tried seeking help from Novacopy, a company specializing in 3D printing, who came up with a unique solution for Buttercup.

They scanned the left foot of Buttercup’s sister, Minnie, and used it to 3D model and print a mold for a new, silicone foot. The silicone foot was then fitted on using a customized nylon sock and Buttercup was able to walk more like a duck again. Several versions were made to make the prosthetic foot a better, more flexible fit for him. Later, a special foot with flapper doors was also designed to allow Buttercup to swim and, because 3D printing allows for quick and easy customization, they even made him a unique foot for Christmas! You can find out more about how this famous duck’s been doing on his Facebook page.

For other feathered animals that 3D printing has helped, check out Ozzie, Dudley, Quack Quack and Trooper.

5. Holly the Horse

Image Courtesy: CSIRO

Probably the largest animal to use a 3D printed prosthetic, Holly, a ten-year-old mare in Australia, suffered from laminitis, a crippling disease that is common among horses, ponies, and donkeys. Laminitis affects the hooves of these animals and Holly had been suffering from it for three years. The disease causes pain and inflammation between the hoof and bone (an attachment similar to that of our finger and nail) and if unattended, could have left Holly unable to walk. Her vet and farrier, Luke Wells-Smith from the Equine Podiatry and Lameness Centre, had heard of the work CSIRO (Australia’s national science agency) had done with a racehorse, aptly named “Titanium Prints”, using 3D printed titanium horse-shoes.

CSIRO hadn’t previously used 3D printing to rehabilitate lame horses, but, with Holly, they had their first opportunity. Collaborating with horse podiatrists, they 3D scanned and designed a shoe that was a perfect fit for Holly’s hoof and 3D printed it in titanium. The custom shoe, a first of its kind ‘horse-thotic’ that can be made on-demand in less than a day, would equally redistribute the weight and stress on the hoof, encourage it to heal and give Holly a chance to recover.

6. Grecia the Toucan

Image Courtesy: Fusion

A thoughtless act of cruelty by a group of teenagers left this one-year old toucan without a significant portion of its upper beak. Named ‘Grecia’ after the town in Costa Rica where he is from, the male toucan has since been recovering at Costa Rica’s Animal Rescue Bird Zoo. A toucan’s beak is not just vital to its ability to feed and defend itself, but is also needed to find a mate, since females choose one based on the color of a male’s beak. Although he quickly learned to use his lower beak to feed himself, he is still dependent on his caretakers for survival. There was an outpouring of rage and sympathy when news of what had been done to Grecia spread and, thankfully, it didn’t just end at that. A handful of local companies came forward to help build a prosthetic beak for Grecia and an Indiegogo campaign for him met its $10,000 goal in less than 48 hours.

The toucan’s beak itself is a marvel of lightweight strength still being studied by material scientists and replicating it using 3D printing isn’t a straightforward task. Attaching it to the remaining beak’s stump using pins wouldn’t be simple either, since the sandwich structure of the beak includes blood vessels, nerves, and tissue. But efforts are underway to design an ideal?beak in two parts with one that can be detached, cleaned and readjusted as Grecia grows with it. It is also likely that it will be attached using a denture-type glue that won’t be chemically harmful. If successful, the 3D printed replacement beak procedure will be the first of its kind in Latin America and the first for a toucan. And, since it will be 3D printed, Grecia might enjoy the opportunity to have a uniquely colored beak!

7. Felix the Sheep

Felix isn’t any ordinary sheep. Firstly, he is a rare kind of sheep called a Katahdin, that grows hair instead of wool. Secondly, and more importantly, as a baby, Felix arrived at Woodstock Farm Animal Sanctuary (WAFS) in New York missing a hind leg. The three-legged sheep, in need of a prosthetic, was cared for by Jenny Brown, founder of WAFS, who herself wears a prosthetic, having lost a leg to a childhood struggle with cancer. Felix was then fitted with a regular prosthetic leg and, just as he was getting used to it, it had begun to wear out.

It just so happened that Sean Eldrige, of the Hudson Valley Advanced Manufacturing Center (HVAMC) in New York, met Felix while taking a tour at WAFS and suggested designing a 3D printed prosthetic for the Katahdin. With the help of a prosthetist, a veterinarian, and a biology major from SUNY New Platz, a cast was scanned and modified to build a custom prosthetic leg for Felix. The leg was printed in Stratasys’ ABSplus, similar to the material LEGOs are made of, but of an engineering grade. It was then tested and adjusted to ensure fitment. He may not give wool, but who cares, a 3D printed leg is so much more to ‘baa-baa’ about. The three-legged Felix is once again four-legged and, now, has a long, healthy life to look forward to.

8. Paris Shellton & Co. the Hermit Crabs

Housing crisis for hermit crabs! There’s a shortage of shells in the ocean for these crabs, who don’t produce their own shells, but tend to adopt shells they find as their homes. If they don’t find a shell, they’re likely to use garbage, cans, pipes, bottles or anything else as makeshift houses. For domesticated hermit crabs, owners typically farm shells for their pets. So a shortage of shells is just bad news all round.

TeamTeamUSA and MakerBot came together to start Project Shellter, with which they are exploring the possibility of 3D printing shells. While their prototypes are made of plastic, they hope to develop eco-friendly, sustainable shells for hermit crabs. Some shells are modeled on that of the sea snail, Oxystele sinensis, and empirical tests are performed to see if and how a hermit crab takes to them. The crabs are especially picky about the kind of shell they would make their home (I’m sure we can sympathize with that!), so designing and 3D printing these shells isn’t so simple. Project Shellter has a group of classy crabs to test their 3D printed crabitats on, and these crabs have great names: Paris Shellton, Tori Shelling, Khloe and Kourtney Karshellian, and Shellton John. Although this application doesn’t involve prosthetics, its a unique example of humans using 3D printing to recreate a natural habitat without any man-made limitations.

9. Cyrano the Cat

Nine-year-old Cyrano L. Catte II, more popularly known as Cyrano, had a great life taken away from him when he developed bone cancer in one of his left legs. His caretakers were intent on doing everything it took to heal Cyrano and bring his life back to normal. He was the first cat ever to receive radiation therapy and although it sent his cancer into full remission, it left his leg damaged beyond repair. Amputating the leg would have been the recommended next step, but for the 26 pound cat, surviving on three legs would invite a host a other problems. The only possible alternative would be a total knee athroplasty (TKA), though it had never been done before for a cat. Yet the pioneering Cyrano would be the first cat to undergo that treatment too.

His owners approached veterinary experts at NC State. ?In this challenging case, existing 3D printing technology was used to its maximum potential. The miniature knee implant had to be tiny, about the size of a human finger joint, but highly complex. It had to be porous, strong, durable, and with varied surface textures to ensure that it integrated completely with existing bone. It had to fit perfectly, while also accounting for added stems and surgical guides. The only 3D printing technology that suited the purpose was DMLS (Direct Metal Laser Sintering) and the material cobalt chromium, since titanium would wear down eventually. A team of engineers, veterinary surgeons, designers, and experts from across the world worked on developing a knee implant for Cyrano. They even used 3D printed bone replicas to practice to ensure that the actual operation, which took six hours, went smoothly. Cyrano, instead of losing his life to bone cancer and its side-effects, is back purring on four legs.

10.?Derby the Dog

Arguably the most well-known application of a 3D printed prosthesis for an animal. Derby was born with deformities in both of his front legs, which left him unable to walk, run, or even sit upright. Slated to be euthanized, he was rescued and?fostered?by Tara Anderson, an employee at 3D Systems, who saw him at the Peace and Paws Dog Rescue in New Hampshire, USA.

With the 3D technologies available to Tara, she set about trying to create a custom prosthesis for Derby, starting with casts to mold the prosthetic design and later elbow cups modeled on 3D scans taken of Derby’s deformed legs. The idea was to get Derby running again, but without wheels. During this time, he was adopted by the Portanova family who worked with Tara to develop the first of their kind prosthetic legs. These legs were developed in stages by trial and error, with the design slowly adjusted to Derby’s body, particularly his spine, as he grew. The material had to be strong, durable, and flexible to closely mimic the behavior of his natural legs. The final 3D printed prosthetic had a curved design and incorporated treads to provide traction. It even had his name printed on each prosthetic leg! Today, Derby, nearly two years old, doesn’t just walk, but runs, miles and miles each day.

Derby and Turboroo aren’t the only dogs to have been helped by 3D printing, but they certainly are the most famous. Several other canines have also benefited from this technology namely Luisa, Freddy, Jack, Oreo, Bubbles and many, many more.

In each one of these examples, 3D printing has brought hope where they may not have been any before. It’s magic is three-pronged. First, it allows for prostheses or implants to be made at low cost and on-demand, and this is important because a prosthetic needs to be quickly modified and revised several times as the animal grows. Second, the range of materials available in 3D printing means that these prostheses can not only mimic the natural function of the missing part, but also integrate with the organic structure of the animal. Third, it allows for the creation of highly complex and custom prostheses and implants that are as unique as the animals they are designed for.

For every animal that would have otherwise been euthanized, for whom doors were closed by fate or human cruelty, 3D printing has brought far more than ten reasons to go on living.?So, the next time you come across a deformed, damaged, or diseased animal, no matter how small or big, anywhere in the world, remember that there may always be something that can be done to save it.

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10种动物因为3D打印技术获得重生的机会

动物身上拿到一个第二次机会在生命与3D打印

在3D打印的许多应用中，一个总能保证得到一个温暖和模糊的感觉是，当它用来改善温暖和模糊的动物的生活。特别是当其应用到3D打印假肢，让变形，损坏或患病动物（在很多被实施安乐死的边缘），第二次机会。

对于数万年？动物和人类已经存在了，即使你开始从当人类第一次驯养动物计数的（狗）大约15000年前，兽医护理的概念，只有正式在公元1761年与一个开放学校在法国兽医学。我们在照顾动物专业知识就开始先用马，牛和牲畜以及此后延伸到伴侣动物，尤其是狗和猫，以及野生或外来动物。随着兽药的进步，尤其是在定制的假肢和植入物，我们可以为今天的幸福非人类物种的比我们以前可以做多。而且，随着3D打印，我们都在做什么？超过我们能想象的可能。

这里有十个动物，我们很幸运，以帮助拯救：

1.美容的白头鹰

这种成年雌性白头鹰被击中脸部被偷猎者在阿拉斯加于2005年，虽然她逃脱了与她的生活，偷猎者的射门擦涂美喙的上颌骨。没有它，她无法照顾自己，吃的食物在她自己的，或梳理羽毛她。有一种情况可能类似于尝试无一颌骨生存。她被救出珍妮（芬克）Veltkamp并参加到的猎物NW设施的鸟。她的嘴看上去并不像它会重新长出和专家意见建议的安乐死她作为唯一的选择。

美女和喙从基思Bubach - 骑兵媒体在Vimeo。

在这一点上，内特 - 卡尔文，谁知道3D打印技术的机械工程师，愿意帮助挽救美。他让她失踪的上颌的模具，三维扫描它，使用的软件来调整3D模型，然后在尼龙聚合物材料，印刷了。三维印刷的假肢被装配到使用钛金属装入剩余喙。美丽是可以吃和喝一次在她自己的，感谢合成嘴。而且，由于3D打印可以快速，灵活的重新设计，她的假肢喙很容易被修改，以适应她好，因为她多年来的调整的话。最近，她自然喙已经开始出现一定的增长，她现在可以消耗三文鱼自己带。因此，自从这是在2008年首次公开，出现了支持美和她的故事的流露，和，不久，就会有它自己的书！

2.TurboRoo奇瓦瓦

不幸有间小型犬常见的出生缺陷，这奇瓦瓦生来就没有它的两条前腿。尽管四兽医，狗安乐死的建议，他的主人不肯就范，离开了他在兽医的办公室，希望吉娃娃会找人照顾他。他做到了。阿什利尺蠖，兽医技术在印第安纳波利斯，爱上了他。她和她的男友雷收养了他，并给他取名“TurboRoo”，在电影中的Turbo蜗牛之后。他们试图构建TurboRoo一个车用PVC管和费 - 价格玩具零件，但它确实不是那么回事。

马克Deadrick，3dyn在圣地亚哥的总裁，听说TurboRoo的故事，多亏了当地的新闻报道说的流传，并决定用三维打印技术，使小狗更好的流动车。它适合TurboRoo完美，当他长大，10种不同的车发了言，直到他达到了他全部的成人后的大小。他现在可以轻松地左右移动对自己，停止，启动，向后移动的，当他选择。最终，他的故事引发了TurboRoo设计，一个小公司，定制设计的3D打印流动推车狗的成立。今年早些时候，TurboRoo荣获“哀兵年度”在洛杉矶的CW网络节目，是一个名人的狗，66000的追随者对Instagram的！

3.？Akut-3的海龟（a.k.a RoboTurtle）
2014年7月，与船的螺旋桨碰撞，离开了这个蠵龟命名Akut-3（为土耳其救援机构发现他浮在水 - ？AKUT Arama Kurtarma Derne i）没有60％的他的右上下颚。然后，他被带到达利安Iztuzu棉花堡大学（PAU）海龟研究，救援和康复中心，在那里他被手工美联储和调养。但是，与受伤的下巴，Akut-3不会对自己的生存和永久的解决方案必须被发现。他的救援人员于是上前技术学士，具有开拓医疗3D打印公司在土耳其，专门从事特定病人的植入人类。

该团队在技术学士决定尝试首开先河面部重建的海龟（第一为它的品种），三维扫描，并使用模仿软件Materialise的造型。一旦他们开发了一个模型，他们用Materialise公司的3-用学软件，设计高度个性化假体下巴，将无缝地取代Akut-3的缺失部分。他们的3D打印它医用钛，并在两个和一个半小时的手术，医生和兽医安装在金属零件到Akut-3的脸。部分海鳖，部分半机械人，这是但如果他的身体拒绝钛合金假肢待观察，如果他的软组织长回来了植入。如果一切顺利，Akut-3可能很快后脑勺进入地中海，并返回到生活，因为它是，但有一个故事，是超过了一口！

Akut-3是不是唯一的海龟或乌龟谁拥有3D打印，以感谢了第二次生命。还有奥吉，粗短，和克娄巴特拉。

4.毛茛鸭子

这鸭子的故事是关于一个名为毛茛一个活泼的小鸭子谁是天生的左脚被背过身去。在变形的脚离开毛茛无法行走或蹒跚像一个正常的鸭，给他造成了巨大的痛苦。他的照顾者尝试物理治疗，但并没有发挥作用。迈克Garey，羽天使水鸟保护区在田纳西州，谁是照顾毛茛的创始人，最初以为截肢变形的脚，并用假腿代替这将是最好的鸭的生存。但随后他试图从Novacopy，一家专门从事3D打印，谁想出了毛茛一个独特的解决方案寻求帮助。

他们扫描毛茛的妹妹，米妮的左脚，并用它来三维模型并打印模具新，硅胶脚。有机硅脚，然后安装在使用自定义的尼龙袜和毛茛能走路更加如鱼得水了。多个版本作了使假肢脚更好，更灵活的适合他。后来，一个特殊的脚舌门也被设计为允许毛茛游泳，因为3D打印可快速方便的定制，他们甚至取得了他的圣诞礼物了独特的脚！你可以找到更多关于如何这个著名的烤鸭一直在做他的Facebook页面。

对于其他羽毛的动物，3D打印，帮助，检查了奥兹，达德利，嘎嘎叫和骑兵。

5.霍利马
图片提供：CSIRO

也许最大的动物使用3D打印的假体，冬青，一个十岁的母马在澳大利亚，从蹄叶炎遭遇，一个沉重的疾病是马，小马和驴子之间的共同。蹄叶炎影响了这些动物的蹄和Holly已经遭受了三年。该疾病导致蹄和骨如果无人看管，可能留下冬青无法行走（类似于我们的手指和指甲的附接）之间的疼痛和炎症。她的兽医和蹄铁匠，卢克 - 威尔斯 - 史密斯从马足疗和跛行中心，听到工作CSIRO（澳大利亚国家科学机构）与赛马，恰当地命名为“钛版画”做了，利用3D打印的钛马鞋。

CSIRO以前没有使用3D打印修复瘸马，但是，与冬青，他们有他们的第一次机会。与马足科医师合作，他们的3D扫描和设计的鞋，这是一个非常适合霍莉的蹄子和三维钛打印它。定制鞋，一个先河“马thotic”，可以在不到一天的时间进行按需的，将同样重新分配的重量和应力蹄，鼓励其愈合，给冬青了复苏的机会。

6.希腊的大嘴鸟
图片提供：融合

残酷的一群少年的轻率举动离开了这个一岁大的巨嘴鸟没有它的上喙的显著部分。名为“希腊”镇在哥斯达黎加，在那里他是，男性的巨嘴鸟已被恢复在哥斯达黎加的动物救援鸟类动物园后。一个巨嘴鸟的喙是不是它的饲料和保卫自己的能力仅仅是至关重要的，但还需要找到一个伴侣，因为女性基于男性的喙的颜色选择之一。虽然他很快就学会了使用他的下喙养活自己，他仍然依赖他的照顾者的生存。有愤怒和同情的流露的时候做了哪些工作，以希腊的新闻传播，幸运的是，它并没有就这样结束在那。少数本土企业出面帮助建立一个假嘴对希腊和Indiegogo活动为他达到了$ 10,000个目标，在不到48小时。

巨嘴鸟的喙本身是轻质强度仍在研究了材料科学家和使用3D打印复制它不是一个简单的任务一个奇迹。使用其连接到剩余的喙的残端销不会简单，因为相关的喙的夹层结构包括血管，神经和组织。但正在努力设计一个理想的？喙两部分有一个可以拆卸，清洗和重新调整为格雷西亚成长吧。同时也有可能，这将是使用一个义齿型胶不会被化学附着有害。如果成功，3D打印替代喙程序，将其在拉美地区的第一和第一的巨嘴鸟。而且，因为它将3D打印，希腊可能会喜欢的机会，有一个独特的色鸟嘴！

7.菲利克斯羊


Felix是不是任何普通的羊。首先，他是一个罕见的羊叫卡塔丁，即长羊毛的头发。其次，更重要的是，作为一个婴儿，菲利克斯来到伍德斯托克农场动物保护区（WAFS）在纽约失踪后腿。三条腿的羊，有需要的假体，被照顾的珍妮·布朗，WAFS的创始人，谁自己戴着假肢，失去了一条腿患有癌症的童年斗争。菲利克斯被再装一个普通的假肢和，就像他已经习惯了它，它已经开始穿出来。

正巧肖恩Eldrige哈德逊山谷先进制造业中心（HVAMC）在纽约，会见了菲利克斯同时考虑旅游的WAFS并建议设计的3D打印假肢的卡塔丁。随着假肢的帮助下，兽医，以及从纽约州立大学新广场一名生物学专业，一个演员被扫描和修改，以建立一个自定义假腿的菲利克斯。腿部被印在Stratasys公司ABSplus，类似材料拼装玩具是由，但是一种工程级的。然后将测试和调整，以确保装配部件。他可能不会给毛，但谁在乎，一个3D打印的腿是这么多“咩，咩”有关。三脚菲利克斯再次四足和，现在，有一个长期的，健康的生活值得期待。




8.巴黎Shellton与公司的寄居蟹

住房危机的寄居蟹！有壳的海洋中，这些螃蟹，谁不生产自己的壳，但往往采取他们发现他们的家园炮弹短缺。如果他们没有找到一个空壳，他们很可能会使用垃圾，罐，管，瓶或其他任何东西作为临时住房。对于家养的寄居蟹，业主通常农场的炮弹为他们的宠物。因此，炮弹短缺仅仅是一个坏消息全面。

TeamTeamUSA和MakerBot走到了一起，开始项目Shellter，与他们正在探索的3D打印弹的可能性。虽然他们的原型是由塑料制成的，他们希望大力发展生态友好型，可持续的炮弹寄居蟹。有些壳蓝本，海蜗牛，Oxystele沉香，和实证测试以查看是否以及如何寄居蟹需要他们。螃蟹特别挑剔的那种外壳，他们会让他们的家（我敢肯定，我们可以与同情！），所以设计和3D打印这些炮弹并非如此简单。项目Shellter拥有一批上等蟹，以测试他们的3D打印crabitats上，而这些螃蟹有伟大的名字：巴黎Shellton，东篱脱壳，Khloe和科特尼Karshellian，并Shellton约翰。虽然这个应用程序不涉及假肢，其独特的使用三维打印人类的例子来重新创建没有任何人为限制的自然栖息地。

9.西拉诺猫

九十岁西拉诺L. Catte II，比较普遍的西拉诺，有一个伟大的生命夺走他时，他开发了骨癌在他左边的一条腿。他的看管人都打算尽一切走上愈合西拉诺，把他的生活恢复正常。他是第一个猫曾经接受放射治疗，虽然它送到他的癌症得到充分缓解，它留下了他的腿损坏，无法修复。截肢腿本来推荐的下一步骤中，但对于26磅猫，幸存的三条腿将邀请宿主的其它问题。唯一可能的替代将是一个全膝关节athroplasty（TKA），但它从来没有做过的猫。然而，创业西拉诺将是第一个猫接受治疗了。

他的主人走近兽医专家在北卡罗来纳州。 ？在这个充满挑战的情况下，现有的3D打印技术用于其最大的潜力。微型膝关节植入物必须是微小的，大约一个人的手指关节的大小，但是非常复杂。它必须是多孔的，坚固，耐用，并具有不同的表面纹理，以确保它集成完全与现有的骨。它必须配合得非常完美，同时也占增加茎和手术指导。不管怎么样，目的只有3D打印技术是DMLS（直接金属激光烧结）和材料钴铬合金，因为钛会拖垮也说不定。一个团队的工程师，兽医，设计师，以及来自世界各地的专家合作开发一种膝关节植入物的西拉诺。他们甚至用3D打印骨骼副本练习，以确保实际操作中，这花了六个小时，非常顺利。而不是失去了他的生活骨癌及其副作用大鼻子情圣，又回来打呼噜的四条腿。


10.德比的狗

可以说是最知名的应用程序中的3D打印的假体的动物。德比出生在两个他的前腿，这让他无法行走，奔跑，甚至坐直畸形。提名被安乐死，他被救出？培养？由塔拉安德森，员工在3D系统，谁看见他在和平与狗爪子在救援美国新罕布什尔州。

随着可供塔拉的3D技术，她着手尝试创建一个自定义的假体德比，从石膏模具的假肢设计蓝本采取德比的畸形腿三维扫描后肘杯。当时的想法是让德比再次运行，但没有车轮。在此期间，他通过了波尔塔诺瓦家庭谁与塔拉合作开发的第一个自己的一种假腿。这些腿被开发的试错阶段，慢慢调整到德比的身体，尤其是他的脊椎设计，因为他长大。该材料必须是坚固，耐用，灵活密切模仿他的两腿自然的行为。最终的3D打印假肢有一个弧形设计，并纳入胎面提供牵引力。它甚至有自己的名字印在每个假肢！今天，德比，近两岁，不只是行走，但运行时，千里的每一天。

德比和Turboroo不是已经得益于三维打印唯一的狗，但他们肯定是最有名的。其他几个犬也受益于这种技术，即路易莎，弗雷迪，杰克，奥利奥，泡沫和许多，许多。

在这些例子中的每一个，3D打印带来了希望，他们可能不会有任何之前。这是神奇的是三管齐下。第一，它允许假体或植入物以低成本和按需进行，这是重要的，因为假体需要被快速修改和修订数次作为动物生长。第二，在三维印刷可用的材料的范围意味着这些假体不仅可以模拟缺失部分的自然功能，还整合与动物的有机结构。第三，它允许创建的高度复杂的和定制的假体和植入物是独一无二的，因为它们被设计为动物。

对于每一个动物，将种种原因被安乐死，对他们来说，门被命运或人类的残忍关闭，3D打印带来了远远超过十大理由活下去？所以，下次你遇到一个变形，损坏，或患病动物，无论多么大或小，在世界任何地方，记住，有可能永远东西可以做，以保存它。

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